ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Toxoplasma gondii infection is widely prevalent in humans and other animals worldwide. Information on the prevalence of T. gondii infection is scarce in some regions of Brazil, including riverside communities along the Amazon River basin. M METHODS: The prevalence of T. gondii in 231 people, aged 1-85 years, who were living in four riverside communities along the Purus River, Lábrea, State of Amazonas, Brazil, was determined. Antibodies against T. gondii were assayed using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The hearts and brains of 50 chickens, which were raised free-range in the communities, were pooled according to the community of origin and bioassayed in mice. The isolates were genotyped using polymorphisms at 12 nuclear markers (SAG1, 5' and 3'-SAG2, alt.SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, Apico and CS3). RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii was 56.7% (131/231). IgG antibodies were presented by 117 (89.3%) and IgM by 14 (10.7%) of the 131 positive individuals. No association between age group and gender with prevalence was observed (chi-square test, p > 0.05); however, the comparison between localities showed that the seroprevalence of T. gondii was significantly lower among the individuals living in the Boca do Ituxi (p < 0.05) community. Five isolates of T. gondii were obtained in the mouse bioassay, and genotyping revealed two complete genotypes that had not been described previously and three mixed isolates. CONCLUSIONS: These results support previous findings that T. gondii population genetics are highly diverse in Brazil and that T. gondii infection is active in these riverside communities. .
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Animals , Cats , Child , Child, Preschool , Dogs , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Mice , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Toxoplasmosis/epidemiology , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Biological Assay , Brain/parasitology , Brazil/epidemiology , Chickens , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Genotype , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Prevalence , Rivers , Rural Population , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Toxoplasma/genetics , Toxoplasma/immunologyABSTRACT
Dentre as diversas formas de ensino médico, a participação em ligas acadêmicas tem grande importância na formação técnica e teórica dos alunos, devido às atividades extracurriculares exercidas pelos membros. Em vista dessa situação, foi criada a primeira liga de ortopedia e traumatologia do estado de Rondônia, com o compromisso de fornecer conhecimento teórico e prático aos seus membros. Com isso, esse artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência do ensino da ortopedia através da criação da liga...
Among the various forms of medical education, the participation in academic leagues has great importance in theoretical and technical training of students, due to extracurricular activities exercised by members. In view of this situation, the first league of orthopedics and traumatology of Rondônia was created, with a commitment to provide theoretical and practical knowledge to its members. Thus, this paper aims to report the experience of orthopedics teaching through the creation of the league...